On Dec. 25, 2021, the James Webb Space Telescope launched into space. The telescope spent about a month working on critical engineering tasks before its 21-foot (6.5-meter) gold-coated primary mirror successfully unfolded. That was the final stage of all the major duties before it could prepare for its science operations. Now finally, after months of anticipation, eager astronomers, space geeks and just about anyone who has an interest in humankind is finally getting a glimpse of what all the buildup has been about. And it’s been well worth the wait.
In an early morning news conference July 12, NASA released the first images in their full-color, extraordinary glory. And, as expected, they provide an unprecedented, detailed look at the universe.
Hold your breath. The stunning images are below.
Editor’s note: HowStuffWorks did not crop the photos that follow to our usual site dimensions.
Advertisement
Carina Nebula
The Carina Nebula is located approximately 7,600 light-years away in the southern constellation Carina. It was first photographed by NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope in July 2009, and has been photographed by Hubble several times, including in infrared. Nebulae are stellar nurseries where stars form, and the Carina Nebula is home to many massive stars, several times larger than the sun.
WASP-96 b (Spectrum)
One of the tasks of Webb is to photograph exoplanets, or those outside of our solar system. WASP-96 b is one those. It’s a gas giant exoplanet outside of the Milky Way solar system that was discovered in 2014. It’s about 1,150 light-years from Earth and it orbits its star every 3.4 days. It’s about half the mass of Jupiter, and this illustration of WASP-96 b and its star is based on new understanding of the planet gleaned from both NIRISS spectroscopy and previous ground- and space-based observations.
Southern Ring Nebula
The “Southern Ring,” or “Eight-Burst” nebula, was first photographed by Hubble in 1998. It’s a stunning look at a binary star that is dying. The bright central star changed the shape of this planetary nebula’s rings with turbulence. There are actually two stars locked in a tight orbit, which causes the dimmer star to eject material in many directions as they orbit one another, resulting in these jagged rings. This nebula is huge — it’s nearly half a light-year in diameter and is located about 2,000 light-years away from Earth. Look closely at the upper left of the image for a bright angled line and you’ll see a galaxy edge-on, or from the side.
Stephan’s Quintet
Webb also has been tasked to look much farther into the distance. Stephan’s Quintet is far from Earth — very far. It’s located in the constellation Pegasus about 290 million light-years away. So what is it exactly? It’s a grouping of five massive galaxies first seen by French astronomer Édouard Jean-Marie Stephan in 1877. It is the first compact group of galaxies ever found. Scientists rarely see interacting galaxies like these in so much detail. These images will help them learn how galaxies trigger star formation in each other, and how the gas in these galaxies is being disturbed.
SMACS 0723
This image is of the galaxy cluster SMACS 0723 as it appeared 4.6 billion years ago. It’s known as Webb’s first deep field image and includes the faintest objects ever seen in space. It covers an area of space about the size of a grain of sand, though it includes thousands of galaxies. Webb achieved this deep field image using its Near-Infrared Camera (NIRCam), which took composites of images at different wavelengths over 12.5 hours and created one photo. Two of Webb’s instruments also gathered spectra — data that reveal objects’ physical and chemical properties. The data revealed light from one galaxy that traveled for 13.1 billion years before Webb’s mirrors captured it.
Advertisement
